Basics of Classes and Objects: Steps to Define a Class and Create Instances in Python

In Python, classes and objects are the core of object-oriented programming. A class is a "template" that defines attributes and methods, while an object is an "instance" created based on this template, with independent attributes for each instance. To define a class, use the `class` keyword, with the class name starting with an uppercase letter. The class body contains attributes and methods. The constructor `__init__` is automatically called to initialize attributes, where the first parameter `self` points to the instance, such as `self.name = name`. Instance methods must also include `self` as the first parameter, e.g., `greet()`. Objects are created by calling the class name with arguments (excluding `self`), like `person1 = Person("小明", 18)`, and each object has independent attributes. Attributes are accessed using `object_name.attribute_name`, and methods are called with `object_name.method_name()`, where `self` is automatically passed. Key points: A class is a template, an object is an instance; methods must include `self`; attributes and methods are separated. Mastering the process of "defining a class - creating an object - using the object" is sufficient to get started with Python OOP.